The Eye just don't see Everthing, But your mind ... YES!!
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Alien Engineering [ Full Doc ] with Albert Einstein and others Scientists



Between solving physics equations, writing hit books, and figure skating, Secret Lifer Michio Kaku doesn’t have time to sit around and stare at the wall. But if he did, the wall staring back might be a heck of a lot more interesting than you imagine.
 Michio Kaku talks high-tech, requests high-five.
Kaku recently delivered the keynote speech at Supercomputing 2012 (SC12) in Salt Lake City, where he described endless possibilities of a future where mass-produced computer chips cost close to a penny, and walls are “smart.” HPC Wireexplains, “As computer chips are imprinted onto almost everything, from walls to paper, to clothing, to contact lenses, the entire world becomes, in essence, one large, networked computer.”
Kaku’s speech described the many implications of computer chip ubiquity, including an increasingly automated society. To those interpreting such automation as robot world takeover, Michio assuages, “You can mass-produce hardware, you cannot mass-produce software—you cannot mass-produce the human mind.”
Read HPC Wire’s coverage of SC12 here or watch the video of his speech. And be sure to check out Michio’s homepage here!
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UFO - Unexplained Files | Full Documentary


Countless mysterious objects have been caught by NASA’s cameras. Many astronauts have even reported seeing unidentified flying objects. In this special, we’ll reveal NASA’s top ten unexplained encounters using original footage and groundbreaking interviews with astronauts and scientists.
Can these phenomena be explained away through science and detective work? Or have NASA’s cameras potentially captured the first traces of extraterrestrial life?
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UFO Disclosure | Mike Wallace | Marine Corps [ Lost Tapes ]



Interview with Donald Keyhoe, a Marine Corp Major who investigated the phenomenon for Military Intelligence during that decade. There's more Disclosure in this brief interview than almost at anytime since.
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Alien Invasion | First Contact | Dr. Carol Rosin Tells the Truth



Dr. Carol Rosin a former NASA scientist turned Disclosure Project witness shares very important information with us. Keep in mind this was back in 2000 before 9/11 back when it was only Oklahoma city and the ’93 WTC bombing and they realized they were going to need something bigger… 
www.huffingtonpost.com Krugman in short: award winning economist, won nobels prize in 2008. Anyways, he saids “within the next 18 months”. So there you have it. Another confirmation on our/your theories. Understand, these people just don’t care anymore. They have been getting away with it for so long the cockiness and outrageous activity almost becomes a sport. 

They know just about nobody reads anything they publish (general public) and that if somebody does read it, it is always brushed off as jokes and the good old conspiracy theorist ridicule “excuse” almost. They publish their agendas and talk about their plans to reduce world populations up to 90% and all the eugenics and economic terrorism. 

Its a joke. they got savant compartmentalized experts working on every field and manipulate more or less everybody at the top of the pyramid. social engineering. “Paul Robin Krugman born February 28, 1953) is an American economist, professor of Economics and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, Centenary Professor at the London School of Economics, and an op-ed columnist for The New York Times.

Reported by S C I E N T I S T X
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Does God Exist?? Michio Kaku Responds!



Dr. Michio Kaku dishes on spirituality, Einstein, and God in this latest installment of Dr. Kiki's interview with him. Distributed by Tubemogul.


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32000 Years Old Alien City Found In India | Dwarka



Dwarka (Listen) also spelled DvarkaDwaraka, and Dvaraka, is a city and a municipality of Jamnagar district in the Gujarat state in India. Dwarka is one of the seven most ancient cities in the country.

Climate


Moreover, Dwarka is one of seven most holy places for Hindus in India where Varanasi is considered as the holiest of the seven holy cities.

Ayodhyā Mathurā Māyā Kāsi Kāñchī Avantikā I
Purī Dvārāvatī chaiva saptaitā moksadāyikāh II – Garuḍa Purāṇa I XVI .14
Kṣetra is a sacred ground, a field of active power, a place where Moksha, final release can be obtained. The Garuda Puranaenumerates seven sites as giver of Moksha, They are Ayodhya, Mathura, Māyā, Kāsi, Kāñchī, Avantikā, Purī and Dvārāvatī.

Demographics 

As of the 2001 Indian census, Dwarka had a population of 33,614. Males constitute 53% of the population, and females constitute 47%. Dwarka has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; the male literacy rate is 72%, and the female literacy rate is 55%. 13% of the population is under six years of age. Dwarka is dominated by people from ahir community.

The Dwarakadhish Temple Main article: Dwarakadheesh temple

Swarg Dwar
Rukmini temple at Dwarka
The present temple was built from 6th to 7th century, while the original temple was believed to have been built by Krishna's great grandson, KingVajra. The 5-storied temple is made of limestone and sand. A flag is hoisted in the temple tower five times each day. There are two gateways –Swarga Dwar, where pilgrims enter, and Moksha Dwar, where pilgrims exit. From the temple one can view the Sangam (confluence) of River Gomati flowing towards the sea. In Dwaraka, there are also shrines for Vasudeva, Devaki,Balarama and Revati, Subhadra, Rukmini Devi, Jambavati Devi and Satyabhama Devi.
There is a special temple for Rukmini Devi on the way to the Bet Dwarka temple. Bet Dwarka, a similar deity to Lord Dwarakanath, is also kept in Bet Dwaraka. The temple of Bet Dwarka can be reached by boat. The temple has many shrines for Lakshmi Narayana, Trivikrama, Jambavati Devi, Satyabhama Devi and Rukmini Devi.

Holy City 

The city derives its name from word dvar, meaning door or gate in Sanskrit. Dwarka is considered to be one of the holiest cities in Hinduism and one of the Char Dham along with BadrinathPuriRameswaram. The city is especially respected by VaishnavasThe Jagatmandir temple, which houses the Dwarkadhish, a form of Krishna, is also located in Dwaraka.
SCIENTIST X
Nageshvara Jyotirlinga, one of the 12 holy shrines of Shiva, is located near Dwaraka.
Dwarka is also the site of Dvaraka Pitha, one of the four cardinal mathas established by Adi Shankara, the others being those at Shringeri, Puri and Jyotirmath.

Sri Dwaraknath Mahatyam 

Sri Dwarakanath
Dwarakdish.jpg
Sri DwarakaNath Temple
Temple Name:Sri Dwarakanath Temple
Alias Name:
God Name:Kalyana Narayanan
Goddess Name:Kalyana Nachiyaar, Rukmini Devi
Pushkarni:Gomati Pushkarni
Vimanam:HemaKoota Vimanam
Location:Jamnagar
State and Country:Gujarat, India Adi Shankara had visited Dvarakadisha Shrine and had established the Dvaraka Pitha. The Lord here is dressed in Kalyana Kolam where he appears to be a Royal Wedding costume. It is one of the 108 Divya desams.
There are many Darshan and Sevas for Lord Dwaraknath. The dress is changed accordingly. The Darshans follow the Pushti Marg Vaishnava scriptures established by Shree Vallabhacharya and Shree Vitheleshnathji. Dwarkadhish temple is a Pushti Marg Temple. The Darshan are
  • Mangala
  • Shringar
  • Gval
  • Rajbhog
  • Uthapan
  • Bhog
  • Sandhya Aarati
  • Shayan

Dwarka Kingdom

A Painting depicting Krishna's Dwarka made during Akbar's reign from theSmithsonian Institution Main article: Dwaraka Kingdom
Dwarka is mentioned in the Mahabharata, the Harivansha, the Bhagavata Purana, theSkanda Purana, and the Vishnu Purana. It is said that this Dwarka was located near the site of the current city of Dwarka, but was eventually deserted and submerged into the sea.

Characteristics of the City The city was built by Vishwakarma on the order of Lord Krishna. Land was reclaimed from the sea near the western shores of Saurashtra. A city was planned and built here. Dwarka was a planned city, on the banks of Gomati River. This city was also known as Dvaramati, Dvaravati and Kushsthali. It had six well-organized sectors, residential and commercial zones, wide roads, plazas, palaces and many public utilities. A hall called "Sudharma Sabha" was built to hold public meetings. The city also boasted having the possession of a good sea harbour. The city had 700,000 palaces made of gold, silver and other precious stones. Each one of Lord Krishna's wives had her own palace. Besides this, the city had beautiful gardens filled with flowers of all seasons and beautiful lakes.

Sudama bows at the glimpse of Krishna's golden palace in Dwarka. ca 1775–1790 painting
Dwarakadheesh temple in present Dwarka city, believed to have been originally built by Lord Krishna's grandson, Vajranabha, over the hari-griha (Lord Krishna's residential place)

Submersion into the Sea After Krishna left the earth for Vaikuntha,about 36 years after the Mahabharat War (3138 BC), and the major Yadava leaders were killed in disputes among themselves, Arjuna went to Dwarka to bring Krishna's grandsons and the Yadava wives to Hastinapur, to safety. After Arjuna left Dwarka, it was submerged into the sea. Following is the account given by Arjuna, found in the Mahabharata:

...imposed on it by nature. The sea rushed into the city. It coursed through the streets of the beautiful city. The sea covered up everything in the city. I saw the beautiful buildings becoming submerged one by one. In a matter of a few moments it was all over. The sea had now become as placid as a lake. There was no trace of the city. Dwaraka was just a name; just a memory.
The Vishnu Purana also mentions the submersion of Dwarka, stating
On the same day that Krishna departed from the earth the powerful dark-bodied Kali Age descended. The oceans rose and submerged the whole of Dwarka.

Marine archaeological findings 

Main article: Marine archaeology in the Gulf of Cambay

On 19 May 2001, India's Science and Technology Minister Murli Manohar Joshi announced the finding of ruins in the Gulf of Khambhat. The ruins, known as the Gulf of Khambhat Cultural Complex (GKCC), are located on the seabed of a nine-kilometer stretch off the coast of Gujarat province at a depth of about 40 m. The site was discovered by a team from the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) in December 2000 and investigated for six months with acoustic techniques.
A follow up investigation was conducted by the same institute in November 2001, which included dredging to recover artefacts. A round of further underwater explorations was made in the Gulf of Khambhat site by the NIOT team from 2003 to 2004, and the samples obtained of what was presumed to be pottery were sent to laboratories in Oxford, UK and Hannover, Germany, as well as several institutions within India, to be dated.
One of the main controversies is a piece of wood that was carbon dated to around 7500 BCE, a date which is used in arguments for a very early date for a city here.Dr. D.P. Agrawal, chairman of the Paleoclimate Group and founder of Carbon-14 testing facilities in India stated in an article in Frontline Magazine that the piece was dated twice, at separate laboratories. The NGRI in Hyderabad returned a date of 7190 BC and the BSIP in Hannover returned a date of 7545–7490 BC. Some archaeologists, Agrawal in particular, contest that the discovery of an ancient piece of wood does not imply the discovery of an ancient civilisation. Agrawal argues that the wood piece is a common find, given that 20,000 years ago the Arabian Sea was 100 meters lower than its current level, and that the gradual sea level rise submerged entire forests.
"The sacred town and temples of Dwarka," from Grindlay's 'Scenery, Costumes and Architecture chiefly on the Western Side of India', London, 1826–30

Bet Dwarka 

Bet Dwarka is famous for its temples dedicated to Lord Krishna and is of great importance in the ancient Hindu tradition. It and other coastal sites have ample antiquities, mainly potsherds, suggesting maritime trade and commerce with the Mediterranean countries around the Christian era. This flourishing harbour and religious capital is believed to have submerged under the sea after the Krishna left dwarka for vaikunth.

A team of archaeologists have carried out onshore and inter-tidal zone explorations and a few trial trenches were laid to trace a proper cultural sequence. The most potential sites, where a large number of antiquities were recovered are the sectors, Bet Dwarka-I, II, VI, and IX.
The findings of Bet Dwarka may be divided into two broad periods: Pre-historic period which includes a small seal of conch shell engraved with a three-headed animal motif, two inscriptions, a copper fishhook and late Harappan pottery (circa 1700–1400 BC) and the Historical period consisting of coins and pottery. Onshore and inter-tidal zone explorations have indicated some kind of shoreline shifting around the Bet Dwarka island as a few sites get submerged during high tide.
Offshore explorations near present Bet Dwarka brought to light a number of stone anchors of different types that include triangular, grapnel and ring stones. They are made out of locally available rocks and their period may also be similar to those found at Dwarka and other places. Recently, Roman antiquities including shreds of amphorae and a lead ingot and lead anchors were found. There is also an indication of a shipwreck of Roman period in Bet Dwarka waters.
The archaeological explorations at Bet Dwarka Island have brought to light a large number of data on India's external overseas trade and commerce with western countries. Recent findings at the Bet Dwarka have shown evidence of Indo-Roman trade. India had an active maritime trade with Rome from the fourth century BCE to 4th century CE. These findings would concentrate on the time period from the first century BCE to the 2nd century CE. The discovery of the amphoras in Bet Dwarka is significant in view of the maritime history of India in concerned. There are remains of seven amphoras from which a black encrustation can be seen. This ware was mainly used for exporting wine and olive oil from the Roman Empire; it is most likely that these were wine amphoras. The discovery of a large quantity of amphora sherds suggests that Bet Dwarka had international trade contact during the early centuries of the Christian era. The findings present the possibility of a shipwreck in this area associated with Roman trade, though it is unlikely that the remains of the hull of the wreck survive. Thus the presence of Roman amphoras show that Roman ships reached Bet Dwarka waters earlier than has been previously noted. These same archaeological findings along with anchors have indicated the existence of several ports, jetties and anchoring points along the west coast of Indian. Though there are no remains of an ancient jetty at Bet Dwarka, the presence of stone anchors in the intertidal one indicates that the high tide was effectively used for anchoring the boats. The presence of a large number and variety of stone anchors in Bet Dwarka suggests that this was one of important ports in ancient times. The location of Bet Dwarka was favourable for safe anchorage in the past since it was protected from high waves and storms.
The proposal for the Dwarka museum, submitted by the Marine Archaeology Centre of the National Institute of Oceanography im 1999, involves laying a submarine acrylic tube through which visitors can view through glass windows the ruins of the city. The State Government of Gujarat and the Travel & Tourism Department of Gujarat are working on this proposal. When completed, it will be the first museum to be built under the sea.



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Aliens Exist | 100% Disclosure On TV | No One Can Hide It




Do Aliens Exist?

This is a very tough question to answer definitively, and for many people has both frightening and amazing implications if the answer turns out to be yes.



Most of us with half a brain have asked ourselves this strange question once or twice, and even people who laugh at the subject socially probably wonder about it in their private thoughts.
Do you believe they exist? It is a question which will lead your mind down some very interesting, and sometimes frightening paths.
You can use the buttons on the right and the tabs above to investigate the Mystery for yourself, but be warned - it is easier to start looking into than it is to stop . . .
Click Play Below - Out Of The Blue UFO Documentary



I first became intrigued by this subject years ago when myself and two friends were walking home one cold clear winter night.
As a local hill came into view one of us said something like Check how bright the moon is tonight as there was a glowing light shinning up from behind the hill, illuminating the underside of some low clouds.
Moon Light
One of my friends said thats not the moon, the moons over there . . .  no one spoke for about 5 seconds as we were all thinking what is it then ! ?
And we became even more glued to the spot when the pointed corner of a bright triangular object began to emerge slowly from behind the hill, revealing itself as the source of the eerie glow our eyes were fixed on.
Once about half of the object had emerged it produced a bright white flash that cannot of lasted longer than one fifth of a second, I’ve never been able to work out if it flashed and disappeared or the flash was it accelerating away at high speed.
But of course the three of us were high as kites talking non stop about it for the next hour or so, none of us wanting to walk home because we would have to separate in the dark!
Our sighting wasn’t such a big deal by today’s standards of giant swirling vortexes in the sky above Sydney being posted on YouTube or daylight camera footage of large UFOs wobbling over mexico city, but to our 14 year old brains back in 1996 it was amazing and had a major enough impact to kick-start a life long interest in the subject.

So what does mainstream science have to say about the do aliens exist question? oddly enough The Drake Equation is widely accepted in the scientific community while the idea that extra-terrestrials have already visited earth gets laughed out of court.
For those of you who don’t know The Drake Equation was invented in 1961 by Doctor Frank Drake as a way to logically and mathematically work out the number of planets which could harbor intelligent life.
The mere fact that We exist raises the probability of intelligent life developing elsewhere above zero, when you add the fact that there are more stars in the sky than we can possibly count (think about that) and that many of these stars are much like our own sun, with their own planets and moons orbiting at various distances, the possibility of life and intelligent life becomes certain.
Even our own Milky Way Galaxy has no fewer than 100 billion suns! Can you imagine 100 billion suns? it’s difficult to do, imagine all the orbiting planets, moons and possibilities . . . feel small? me to.
do aliens exist
Warning! If Head Hurts Stop Imagining Actual Size!
So Doctor Frank Drake was working at the National Radio Astronomy observatory in West Virginia and he and his colleagues became absorbed with the question do intelligent aliens exist?
They proceeded to aim a radio telescope at 2 nearby stars to see if they could pick up any intelligent transmissions, they did pick up some noise which was latter ruled out as being military radar (but was it?).
A year later Doctor Drake was asked by the U.S. National Academy Of Sciences to host a meeting of scientists to explore the possibility of intelligent civilizations beyond our small Earth.
While preparing for this meeting of minds he wrote down all the questions they would need to answer in order to predict the number of civilizations in the Galaxy, he then realized that if all these questions were multiplied together you would have the estimate for the number of civilizations, and this was the birth of The Drake Equation.
Doctor Frank Drake’s present day solution to The Drake Equation lists 10 thousand possible intelligent civilizations in our Milky Way Galaxy alone, so why does mainstream science have such mocking viewpoint on the idea that some UFOs are under Intelligent alien control?
One of they’re favourite arguments states that these intelligent beings could not travel the great distances to reach us . . why not? because we can’t yet?, besides, what if they have always been here?
Thankfully though the whole subject of ufo discloser and alien races interacting with people both past and present is fast becoming much less of a joke subject for most of us.
This is largely due to highly credible ex-government workers coming forward to testify about their amazing experiences, and also to the hard work of excellent investigators like Jim Marrs, Jenny Randles, David Icke, Stanton Friedman, Art Bell and Dr Stephen Greer to name but a few.
So if you are new to the subject and even a little skeptical I wish you all the best on your journey of discovery, and I’m envious of the interesting information you are about to uncover for the first time, as you attempt to answer the questions Do Aliens Exist?” andare aliens real?.
Reported by: SCIENTIST X
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Curiosity Update News (DRILL SYSTEM)




PASADENA, Calif. -- NASA's Curiosity rover has, for the first time, used a drill carried at the end of its robotic arm to bore into a flat, veiny rock on Mars and collect a sample from its interior. This is the first time any robot has drilled into a rock to collect a sample on Mars.
The fresh hole, about 0.63 inch (1.6 centimeters) wide and 2.5 inches (6.4 centimeters) deep in a patch of fine-grained sedimentary bedrock, can be seen in images and other data Curiosity beamed to Earth Saturday. The rock is believed to hold evidence about long-gone wet environments. In pursuit of that evidence, the rover will use its laboratory instruments to analyze rock powder collected by the drill.
"The most advanced planetary robot ever designed is now a fully operating analytical laboratory on Mars," said John Grunsfeld, NASA associate administrator for the agency's Science Mission Directorate. "This is the biggest milestone accomplishment for the Curiosity team since the sky-crane landing last August, another proud day for America."
For the next several days, ground controllers will command the rover's arm to carry out a series of steps to process the sample, ultimately delivering portions to the instruments inside.
"We commanded the first full-depth drilling, and we believe we have collected sufficient material from the rock to meet our objectives of hardware cleaning and sample drop-off," said Avi Okon, drill cognizant engineer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
Rock powder generated during drilling travels up flutes on the bit. The bit assembly has chambers to hold the powder until it can be transferred to the sample-handling mechanisms of the rover's Collection and Handling for In-Situ Martian Rock Analysis (CHIMRA) device.
Before the rock powder is analyzed, some will be used to scour traces of material that may have been deposited onto the hardware while the rover was still on Earth, despite thorough cleaning before launch.
"We'll take the powder we acquired and swish it around to scrub the internal surfaces of the drill bit assembly," said JPL's Scott McCloskey, drill systems engineer. "Then we'll use the arm to transfer the powder out of the drill into the scoop, which will be our first chance to see the acquired sample."
"Building a tool to interact forcefully with unpredictable rocks on Mars required an ambitious development and testing program," said JPL's Louise Jandura, chief engineer for Curiosity's sample system. "To get to the point of making this hole in a rock on Mars, we made eight drills and bored more than 1,200 holes in 20 types of rock on Earth."
Inside the sample-handling device, the powder will be vibrated once or twice over a sieve that screens out any particles larger than six-thousandths of an inch (150 microns) across. Small portions of the sieved sample will fall through ports on the rover deck into the Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) instrument and the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument. These instruments then will begin the much-anticipated detailed analysis.
The rock Curiosity drilled is called "John Klein" in memory of a Mars Science Laboratory deputy project manager who died in 2011. Drilling for a sample is the last new activity for NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Project, which is using the car-size Curiosity rover to investigate whether an area within Mars' Gale Crater has ever offered an environment favorable for life.
JPL manages the project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.
For images and more information about the mission, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/msl and http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/ .
You can follow the mission on Facebook and Twitter at: http://www.facebook.com/marscuriosity andhttp://www.twitter.com/marscuriosity .
 
 
Guy Webster 818-354-6278
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
guy.webster@jpl.nasa.gov

Dwayne Brown 202-358-1726
NASA Headquarters, Washington
dwayne.c.brown@nasa.gov

2013-052



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NASA - Talks About Nibiru



Nibiru is the name given to a large planetary object that is supposedly going to crash into Earth at some point in the not-so-distant future. This event is commonly known as the Nibiru cataclysm. Some link the idea of Nibiru with the Mayan calendar’s “reset” date of December 21, 2012. Some believe Nibiru is what the Bible refers to as “Wormwood” (Revelation 8:10-11). Is there any truth to the Nibiru cataclysm / end of the world theory?

First, we’ll look at Revelation 8:10-11, since this passage is cited by some believers in the Nibiru cataclysm. It reads, “The third angel sounded his trumpet, and a great star, blazing like a torch, fell from the sky on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water—the name of the star is Wormwood. A third of the waters turned bitter, and many people died from the waters that had become bitter.” Many Bible interpreters believe this passage refers to some kind of interplanetary object, likely a meteor or comet, crashing into Earth. While this sounds similar to the Nibiru idea, the object the Bible describes is much smaller. If a planet-sized object were to crash into Earth, it would do far more than poison the waters. It would very likely destroy the entire planet. So, no, what the Bible refers to as “Wormwood” is not the same thing as Nibiru.

All reputable astronomers and planetary scientists dismiss the idea of a planet-sized object crashing into Earth in the foreseeable future. While ancient Babylonian mythology contains some parallels to the Nibiru concept, the modern Nibiru theory was invented by a woman in the 1990s after she was supposedly contacted by extraterrestrials called Zetas. She has since predicted the arrival of Nibiru multiple times. As each of her cataclysmic predictions fails to occur, she simply adjusts the date. The origin of the Nibiru theory is yet another reason to reject it.

The idea of a Nibiru cataclysm is not supported by the Bible or by science. Like the Mayan prophecy and other end-of-the-world theories, the Nibiru idea is a result of irrational fear and biblical ignorance. The Bible gives a great deal of information about what will happen in the end times. While the idea of a space object crashing into Earth has biblical support, the Bible also makes it clear that the world will not end due to Nibiru or anything else impacting Earth. The world will end when God makes all things new: “Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away…”


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Strange Object Near Our Solar System!



A large object has been found beyond Pluto travelling in an orbit tilted by 47 degrees to most other bodies in the solar system. Astronomers are at a loss to explain why the object's orbit is so off-kilter while being almost circular.
Researchers led by Lynne Allen at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada, first spotted the object in observations made with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in December 2004. Since October 2005, they have made follow-up observations that have revealed the object's perplexing path.
Tentatively named 2004 XR190, the object appears to have a diameter of between 500 and 1000 kilometres, making it somewhere between a fifth and nearly half as wide as Pluto. It lies in a vast ring of icy bodies beyond Neptune called the Kuiper Belt, most of which orbit in nearly the same plane as Earth.
But at 47 degrees, 2004 XR190's orbit is one of the most tilted, or inclined, Kuiper Belt Objects known. That suggests it was flung out of the solar system's main disc after a close encounter with another object - such as Neptune or perhaps a star that passed by the Sun billions of years ago.

Scatter effect

Neptune has been blamed for scattering many other KBOs into tilted paths. But these tend to show other signs of a past interaction with the giant planet, such as moving in elliptical paths and having one part of their orbit pass near Neptune's at 30 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun (1 AU is the distance between the Earth and the Sun).
2004 XR190, however, follows a nearly circular path. And it is too distant to have come into direct contact with Neptune, travelling between 52 and 62 AU from the Sun. Its orbit is also too circular - and too small - to have been tilted by a passing star, says Allen.
These traits make the object, nicknamed "Buffy" after the US television series about a vampire slayer, hard to explain. "Maybe Buffy is going to be a bit of a theory slayer," Allen told New Scientist.
But she suggests one theory that might account for the space rock's strange orbit. It involves a commonly held notion that early in the solar system, Neptune itself moved outward into its present orbit, from around Uranus's current location.

Gravitational kick

As it did so, its gravitational reach extended outwards, as well. This reach comes in the form of zones, or resonances, where an object's orbital period happens to be an integer multiple of Neptune's. So when one of these outward-expanding resonances swept past 2004 XR190, it could have kicked the object out of a fairly circular, flat orbit into a more elongated, tilted one.
Then, over time, the orbit might have grown more circular as the tilt increased. "These interactions can cause some Kuiper Belt Objects to circularise and tilt," says Allen. But she remains cautious: "We don't know if Buffy's orbit really was created in this manner - because it could be too far away from a resonance or the resonance could not be strong enough - but this seems like the best shot."
Renu Malhotra, a planetary scientist at the University of Arizona in Tucson, US, says most resonances simply elongate an object's orbit. She says a few objects could "trade off" some of their elongation, or eccentricity, for a higher tilt, but the effect would be small. "I find it hard to see how you would get a large inclination out of a modest eccentricity," Malhotra told New Scientist. "There's a limit on how much inclination you can trade off."
Hal Levison, a planetary scientist at the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado, US, says he and others have produced objects like Buffy using models of such special resonances. "However, I do have some problems with the idea," he admits.

Hidden objects

He points out that this object was found when it happened to be passing through the plane of the solar system - where it spends just 2% of its orbit. That suggests many more such objects remain undiscovered, tilted at orbits where most surveys do not search for them. "I just don't think these mechanisms can deliver that much stuff," Levison told New Scientist.
He ventures another possible explanation - that the Sun had a twin and that both stars followed circular orbits around each other. "That could excite inclinations without exciting the eccentricities," he says. "However, this idea creates more problems than it solves, by far."
Allen and her colleagues will continue to observe the new object to pin down its orbit more accurately. And following the convention for naming bodies in the Kuiper Belt, they have suggested several Inuit names for the object to the International Astronomical Union.
Reported by: News Scientist
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